2.4.1 Home and family influences on school
When a child misbehaves or fails to meet expectations at
school, the child’s home and family life should be considered. Several family
factors can affect a child’s behavior and ability to perform in the classroom.
These include economic stability, changes in family relationships, parental
attitudes toward education and incidents of child abuse.
Economic Stability
Poverty can affect
school readiness in several ways. Children from lower-income homes often
experience a lack of parental consistency, a frequent change in part-time
caregivers, a lack of supervision, poor nutrition and poor role-modeling.
Researches show that children from impoverished families tend to score lower in
communication and vocabulary skills, knowledge of numbers, ability to copy and
recognize symbols, concentration, and teamwork and cooperative play. Research conducted
by the Society for Research in Child Development also found that children from
low-income families received less positive parenting and had higher levels of
cortisol, which has been associated with lower levels of cognitive development.
Changes in Family Relationships
Divorce has long been linked to
behavior problems, anxiety and depression in children. This is often because
single-parent homes feature parents struggling with their own feelings of
depression and anxiety, accomplishing household responsibilities previously
held by two people and meeting more financial demands. Single parents often
must take on more hours at work to meet financial responsibilities, which can
lead to children feeling neglected and acting out, and cause them to experience
the effects of economic instability mentioned above.
Parental Attitudes towards Education
Children learn first by mimicking
behavior they see modeled for them. Researches show a positive correlation
between the parents' level of education and their child’s attitudes toward
academic achievement. Children who have parents who encourage academic success
are more likely to develop their own aspirations for higher education. In this
way, parent education is a good predictor of a child’s academic success.
Child Abuse
Child abuse can
happen by way of physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, sexual abuse or
substance abuse in the home. Victims of child abuse are known to be at high
risk for engaging in risky behaviors and acting out in school. They might have
problems socializing with other children and adults and completing or focusing
on assignments.
2.4.2 Influence of religion on school
Education
and religion are often seen to be incompatible. There is an underlying notion
inside the liberal education establishment that religious belief is backwards
and contrary to enlightenment. Schools have long been viewed as gateways to a
glorious secular and technological future, free of religious superstition.
After all, the purpose of education is to make children “career and college
ready,” not to impart character or moral sentiments.
Religion
has not only a good impact, but even a great effect upon the success of a
child’s education. Some of the religion creates the social class and gender
discrimination so that the religious view becomes the reason for the
discrimination over girls and the lower classes. Because of this reason so many
child are out of the school in the context of Nepal. Also some of the religion
believes some bad traditions that ultimately leads to the superstition and
makes these groups unaccusable to the educational opportunities.
The
sad fact is that while religion is good for education, education is not good
for religion. The educational establishment treats religion as if it is a
deadly disease, not a blessing, upon the child. While religion tends to help
get students into college, college tends to get religion out of students. It is
a sad fact that many students find an atmosphere on campus which corrupts their
morals and erodes their faith. The welfare of the student should be a major
concern for educators. All positive influences upon the child should be
encouraged, not banished – especially if the influence is proven effective. In
this sense, how much better education would be if it were at least not hostile
to God and religion, and how much better it would be if education policy were
to be based on facts, rather than prejudices?
At last religion must help for fostering education. We have to change such
types of religious views which makes us backward. And education must promote
the religion through which religion make our life easy and developed.
4.2.3 Financing of school
The implementation of the right to education requires
funding in order to build schools, pay teachers’ salaries and training,
provide teaching materials, etc.
Under international law, nations have the obligation to use
the maximum of their available resources to realise the right to education.
Even when a state’s resources are very limited, it is obliged to prioritise
certain immediate obligations, such as the introduction of free primary
education and to guarantee education for all without discrimination. It is also
obliged to provide progressively free secondary and higher education and to
continuously improve the quality of education. This means that it must take
immediate and progressive steps to fully realise the right to education and
must not take retrogressive measures.
To implement the right to education effectively, states
should ensure that a sufficient proportion of the national budget is allocated
to education financing and that the money is used effectively and equitably to
guarantee education for all, as well as redress inequalities.
In our context so many remotes are
unable to build the schools and the proper infrastructure, skilful teacher and
so many related bases for the education. In the city two types of education
system are making social classes so it is deviding society and making problems
in the access of education. So government should make education proper and easy
access for that all the education systems should be under the government
control. This will make our society more peaceful.
4.2.4 Influence of political and legal institutions on schools
We have the issue of actually financing to schools. The government and the legal institutions do finance of the school. The government is conduct by the leading political party. The bureaucracy which is known as the permanent government. So the education system all depends upon the government and the political parties. The constitution is constructed and can be changed according to the interest of the government and the congress so the parties' main principal influences the thinking and behavior of the government. The main stream of the government and the constitution leads to the education system's role. Which finally tends to the educational institutions value on the nation and society's view on it.All the investment on the education and school. The form of the education. The design of the curriculum all depends upon the government and legal institutions. The society's needs ant aspiration are carried by the schools and the government. According to the need of the society government implements the plans and roadmaps according to those roadmaps and plans educators design the curriculum and implements in the school that's these all are based upon the government and needs of the society. Finally it makes changes on the society which includes school, government, parties and the legal institutions.
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